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| MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET - PHOSPHINE |
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| SL NO. |
PARTICULARS |
PRODUCT DETAILS |
| 1.0 |
IDENTITY OF MATERIAL |
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| 1.1 |
Product Name |
Phosphine produced from hydrolysis of Aluminium Phosphide & Zinc Phosphide. |
| 1.2 |
Trade Name |
| Aluminium Phosphide - Synfume |
| Zinc Phosphide - Synfume |
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| 1.3 |
Chemical Designation |
Fumigant |
| 1.4 |
Synonyms |
Hydrogen phosphide, phosphoretted hydrogen, phosphorus trihydride, phosphorus hydride. |
| 1.5 |
Formula |
PH3 |
| 1.6 |
Label Class |
Toxic gas, flammable gas |
| 1.7 |
Category |
Fumigant |
| 1.8 |
CAS Number |
7803-51-2 |
| 1.9 |
UN Number |
2199 |
| 1.10 |
Regulated Identification |
Aluminium phosphide / Zinc phosphide |
| 1.11 |
Shipping Name |
Aluminium phosphide / Zinc phosphide |
| 1.12 |
Codes/Label |
| 4.3 Packing Group-I |
| Aluminium Phosphide/Zinc Phosphide - Dangerous when wet & Toxic |
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| 1.13 |
HAZCHEM Code |
None |
| 1.14 |
Hazardous Waste Identification No. |
None |
| 1.15 |
Hazardous Ingredients with CAS No. |
Phosphine - 7803-51-2 |
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| 2.0 |
PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES |
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| 2.1 |
Physical State (Gas/liquid/solid) |
| Aluminium Phosphide - Solid |
| Phosphine - Gas |
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| 2.2 |
Appearance |
---- |
| 2.3 |
Odour |
Pure Phosphine is odourless, however due to impurities it has Garlic-like, decomposing fish, stale urine odour. |
| 2.4 |
Others (Corrosivity, etc..) |
Phosphine gas released on hydrolysis is highly corrosive especially to noble metals. |
| 2.5 |
Boiling Point |
-87.4 deg C |
| 2.6 |
Melting Point |
-133.5 deg C º |
| 2.7 |
Vapour Density (air=1) |
1.53 g/L |
| 2.8 |
Specific Gravity (water=1) |
1.17 (air=1) |
| 2.9 |
Vapour Pressure |
40 mm Hg @ - 129.4 degC 1 mm Hg @ 20 degC |
| 2.10 |
Evaporation rate |
N/A |
| 2.11 |
Solubility in water |
26 cc/100ml at 17 degC |
| 2.12 |
pH |
N/A |
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| 3.0 |
FIRE AND EXPLOSIVE HAZARDS DATA |
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| 3.1 |
Explosion/Flammability |
Auto-ignites at 38 degC. |
| 3.2 |
Flash Point LEL % UEL % |
Phosphine - 1.8%, Unknown |
| 3.3 |
Auto ignition |
Auto-ignites at 38 degC. |
| 3.4 |
TDG Flammability (Classification) |
N/A |
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| 4.0 |
REACTIVE HAZARDS: |
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| 4.1 |
Stability |
Phosphine is stable at room temperature. At elevated temperature (above 150 deg. C), phosphine decomposes to phosphorus and hydrogen. Diphosphine may also result from thermal decomposition. |
| 4.2 |
Impact (Haz. Combustion products) |
Phosphine decomposes to phosphorus and hydrogen. Diphosphine may also result from thermal decomposition. |
| 4.3 |
Static Discharge (Haz. Combustion products) |
N/A |
| 4.4 |
Reactivity (Conditions to avoid) |
None |
| 4.5 |
Hazardous Polymerization |
Not reported |
| 4.6 |
Incompatibility |
Oxidizers, halogens, nitric acid |
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| 5.0 |
HEALTH HAZARD DATA |
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| 5.1 |
Routes of entry |
Inhalation |
| 5.2 |
Effects of exposure/symptoms |
| Inhalation: Sore throat, cough, shortness of breath, headache, dizziness, nausea & vomiting. |
| Skin: Redness with burning sensation. |
| Eye: Redness |
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| 5.3 |
LD50 (in rat) oral |
N/A |
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LD50 (in rat) dermal |
Phosphine - 220 mg.h/m3 |
| 5.4 |
Humans: TCLO > 850 mg/m3/hr |
Phosphine - 220 mg.h/m3 |
| 5.5 |
Permissible exposure Limit (PEL) |
0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m3) |
| 5.6 |
Threshold limit value (TLV or ACGIH) |
0.3 ppm/8 hours/5 days a week |
| 5.7 |
Emergency treatment |
| A. INHALATION: |
| (i) Remove patient from exposure, keep at rest. Rescuers should follow full safety procedures. |
| (ii) If the patient is unconscious, place in semi-prone recovery position or otherwise maintain the airway. |
| (iii) If patient is conscious but has difficulty in breathing, treat in a seated position and give oxygen if available. |
| (iv) Allow patient to recline with the legs slightly elevated. |
| (v) If breathing stops, immediately ventilate the patient artificially (mouth to mouth/nose or mechanically with oxygen available). |
| (vi) If the heart stops, begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation-CPR. |
| B. SKIN: |
| (i) Remove contaminated clothing. Wash contaminated skin with soap & water. |
| C. EYE: |
| (i) Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 mins., occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. |
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| 6.0 |
HAZARD SPECIFICATION |
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| 6.1 |
NEPA Hazard Signal |
Toxic, flammable gas |
| 6.2 |
Health |
4 |
| 6.3 |
Flammability |
4 |
| 6.4 |
Reactivity |
1 |
| 6.5 |
Special |
---- |
| 6.6 |
KNOWN HAZARDS |
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Combustible liquid: |
No |
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Flammable material: |
Yes |
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Pyrophonic Material: |
Yes |
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Unstable Material: |
No |
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Explosive Material: |
Yes |
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Water reactivity: |
Yes |
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Oxidizer: |
Yes |
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Organic Peroxide: |
No |
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Corrosive Material: |
Yes |
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Compressed Gas: |
No |
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Irritant: |
Yes |
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Sensitizer: |
Yes |
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Carcinogen: |
No |
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Mutagen: |
No |
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Others (Specify): |
---- |
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| 7.0 |
SAFE USAGE DATA |
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| 7.1 |
Ventilation: General/Mechanical Local Exhaust |
Give adequate ventilation during storage. Maintain airflow with exhaust if required. |
| 7.2 |
Protective Equipment |
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| 7.2.1 |
Eyes |
As found suitable like goggles, masks. |
| 7.2.2 |
Respiratory |
Supply of fresh air through tube masks. |
| 7.2.3 |
Gloves |
Synthetic rubber gloves. |
| 7.2.4 |
Clothing |
Lightweight impervious overalls like cotton apron. |
| 7.2.5 |
Others |
Use adequate headgear. |
| 7.3 |
Precautions |
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| 7.3.1 |
Handling & Storage |
| Storage to be done in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place. Keep under lock & key, away from children and pets. |
| Do not allow contact with water, acids, other oxidizing agents or any other liquids. |
| Keep away from heat, flame & other flammable chemicals. |
| Wash hands thoroughly with soap after handling. |
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| 7.3.2 |
Others |
| Product to be used by Certified Applicators only, with trained assistants. |
| Open containers in open air do not use sharp tools. |
| Do not fumigate alone. |
| Use adequate protective equipment and gas detecting equipments. |
| The area to be fumigated should be airtight, do not use in vacuum fumigation. |
| Techniques of aeration and exposure to be adequately adhered. |
| Do not allow piling of tablets; do not allow the gas concentration to exceed lower flammability level. |
| Proper deactivation process to be followed. |
| Warning placards to be displayed. |
| Entry to the fumigated area to be allowed only after checking gas concentration. |
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| 8.0 |
EMERGENCY RESPONSE DATA |
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| 8.1 |
Fire extinguishing media |
| In case of fire, suffocate flames with sand, use CO2 extinguishers or use dry chemical extinguishers. |
| DO NOT USE WATER |
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| 8.2 |
Special Procedures |
Engulf fire with sand or dry powder extinguisher. |
| 8.3 |
Unusual Hazards |
Auto ignites at 38 degC |
| 8.4 |
Exposure (Inhalation, skin, eye contact, ingestion) |
| Inhalation: Remove from contaminated area into fresh air. Give oxygen if conscious, CPR if patient has suffered cardiac arrest. |
| Skin: Remove contamination clothing and wash affected area thoroughly with water. |
| Eye: Wash eyes thoroughly in eye wash fountain. |
| Ingestion: Not applicable |
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| 8.5 |
Spills |
| Do not wash the material in sewer. Use adequate masks & gloves. |
| The material can be collected and left in open air, (far from inhabitation) keeping it moist until it has hydrolysed fully - this process is called `Dry Deactivation'. |
| `Wet Deactivation': Deactivating solution is prepared in a drum or a suitable container and the material collected is added slowly. The deactivation solution can be 2 % or 4 cups of low sudsing detergent in 30 gallons of water. |
| Partly spent material can also be deactivated in this process. Utmost care to be taken while adding the material. This process should be undertaken in open air, adhering to all the precautionary measures. |
| The deactivated material, dust-water can be disposed off at an approved site. |
| The area of spillage should be thoroughly washed with huge quantity of water and should be aerated. Entry into the area should be allowed only after checking the gas concentration. |
| Phosphine gas, if liberated can be slowly let off in the open air. If huge quantities are let off, then it should be ignited by a suitable burner. |
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| 8.5.1 | Steps to be taken |
Refer 8.5 given above |
| 8.5.2 |
Waste disposal method |
Refer 8.5 given above.The used containers should not be kept for re-use. Packaging material should be destroyed by burying underground or incinerated, at approved sites. |
| 9.0 |
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION |
Evaluation by WHO - Phosphine & Metal Phosphides are toxic. They have a very limited distribution in the environment. Proper standards and procedures in their use prevent harmful effects. No significant global effects on the environment have resulted from the use of phosphine or phosphides. |
| 10.0 |
SOURCES USED |
| 1) International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO) (ICSC:0472). |
| 2) Phosphine & Metal Phosphides - WHO Environmental Criteria 73. |
| 3) Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials |
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