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| MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET - ZINC PHOSPHIDE |
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| SL NO. |
PARTICULARS |
PRODUCT DETAILS |
| 1.0 |
IDENTITY OF MATERIAL |
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| 1.1 |
Product Name |
Zinc Phosphide |
| 1.2 |
Trade Name |
SYNPHOS |
| 1.3 |
Chemical Designation |
Metal phosphide |
| 1.4 |
Synonyms |
Zinc Phosphide, Tri zinc diphosphide |
| 1.5 |
Formula |
Zn3P2 |
| 1.6 |
Label Class |
Dangerous & Toxic |
| 1.7 |
Category |
Rodenticide |
| 1.8 |
CAS Number |
1314-84-7 |
| 1.9 |
UN Number |
1714 |
| 1.10 |
Regulated Identification |
Synphos Zinc Phosphide |
| 1.11 |
Shipping Name |
Zinc Phosphide |
| 1.12 |
Codes/Label |
4.3 Packing Group - I |
| 1.13 |
HAZCHEM Code |
NA |
| 1.14 |
Hazardous Waste Identification No. |
NA |
| 1.15 |
Hazardous Ingredients with CAS No. |
Phosphine - 7803-51-2 |
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| 2.0 |
PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES |
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| 2.1 |
Physical State (Gas/liquid/solid) |
Solid, powder form |
| 2.2 |
Appearance |
Greyish-black free flowing powder |
| 2.3 |
Odour. |
Garlic-like odour |
| 2.4 |
Others (Corrosivity, etc..) |
Not corrosive by itself, however phosphine gas released on hydrolysis is highly corrosive especially to noble metals.. |
| 2.5 |
Boiling Point |
Sublimes at 1100 degC |
| 2.6 |
Melting Point |
> 420 degC |
| 2.7 |
Vapour Density (air=1) |
N/A |
| 2.8 |
Specific Gravity (water=1) |
4 gm/ml |
| 2.9 |
Vapour Pressure |
0 mm Hg at 20 degC |
| 2.10 |
Evaporation rate |
N/A |
| 2.11 |
Solubility in water |
| In Water - Insoluble |
| In Alcohol - Insoluble |
| In Organic Solvents - Soluble in Carbondisulphide and Benzene |
| Insoluble in Ethanol |
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| 2.12 |
pH |
Almost Neutral. 10% suspension in water pH 7.1-7.2 |
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| 3.0 |
FIRE AND EXPLOSIVE HAZARDS DATA |
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| 3.1 |
Explosion/Flammability |
Zinc phosphide is not flammable by itself. It reacts with acids to produce phosphine gas, which is flammable at 38 degC.
font> |
| 3.2 |
Flash Point LEL % UEL % |
Phosphine - 1.8% |
| 3.3 |
Auto ignition |
N/A |
| 3.4 |
TDG Flammability (Classification) |
Not flammable. |
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| 4.0 |
REACTIVE HAZARDS: |
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| 4.1 |
Stability |
Stable when stored in a cool, dry & well ventilated place. Reacts violently with acids and slowly with water to release toxic phosphine gas. |
| 4.2 |
Impact (Haz. Combustion products) |
Reacts with acids to produce toxic phosphine gas, which ignites at 38 degC. When heated to decomposition toxic fumes of Pox and ZnO are produced. |
| 4.3 |
Static Discharge (Haz. Combustion products) |
N/A |
| 4.4 |
Reactivity (Conditions to avoid) |
Store away from water, acids, oxidizing agents (such as perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, chlorates, nitrates, chlorine, bromine & fluorine), bromine azide and hydrogen. Do not handle with sharp tools.Do not expose to heat, flame. |
| 4.5 |
Hazardous Polymerization |
Nil |
| 4.6 |
Incompatibility |
Store away from water, acids, oxidizing agents (such as perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, chlorates, nitrates, chlorine, bromine & fluorine), bromine azide and hydrogen. |
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| 5.0 |
HEALTH HAZARD DATA |
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| 5.1 |
Routes of entry |
Inhalation, ingestion & dermal. |
| 5.2 |
Effects of exposure/symptoms |
Exposure to zinc phosphide leads to nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, cough, headache and dizziness. In severe cases this progresses to cardiovascular collapse, pulmonary edema, cyanosis and respiratory failure. Pericarditis, renal failure and hepatic damage including jaundice may develop later.
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| 5.3 |
LD50 (in rat) oral |
LD50 - Rats : 40 - 50 mg/kg |
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LD50 (in rat) dermal |
LD50 - Rats : > 2000 mg/kg |
| 5.4 |
LC50 (in rat) mg/l |
Phosphine - 220 mg.h/m3 |
| 5.5 |
Permissible exposure Limit (PEL) |
Not Available |
| 5.6 |
Threshold limit value (TLV or ACGIH) |
0.3 ppm/8 hours/5 days a week - Phosphine
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| 5.7 |
Emergency treatment |
| A. INHALATION OF PHOSPHINE: |
| (i) Remove patient from exposure, keep at rest. Rescuers should follow full safety procedures. |
| (ii) If the patient is unconscious, place in semi-prone recovery position or otherwise maintain the airway. |
| (iii) If patient is conscious but has difficulty in breathing, treat in a seated position and give oxygen if available. |
| (iv) Allow patient to recline with the legs slightly elevated. |
| (v) If breathing stops, immediately ventilate the patient artificially (mouth to mouth/nose or mechanically with oxygen available). |
| (vi) If the heart stops, begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation-CPR. |
| B. INGESTION OF ZINC PHOSPHIDE: |
| (i) Do not give milk, fats, or saline emetics by mouth. |
| (ii) Give oxygen if there is respiratory distress. |
| (iii) If first aiders are medically authorized to do so, and the patient is conscious, induce vomiting. |
| (iv) After 20 min (or after vomiting), administer activated charcoal (50gm in water by mouth) or give carbocysteine, if available. |
| (v) Obtain medical attention as soon as possible; preferably send immediately to hospital.
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| 6.0 |
HAZARD SPECIFICATION |
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| 6.1 |
NEPA Hazard Signal |
Dangerous when wet & Toxic |
| 6.2 |
Health |
1 |
| 6.3 |
Flammability |
3 |
| 6.4 |
Stability |
1 |
| 6.5 |
Special |
---- |
| 6.6 |
KNOWN HAZARDS |
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Combustible liquid: |
No |
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Flammable material: |
Yes |
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Pyrophonic Material: |
No |
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Unstable Material: |
No |
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Explosive Material: |
Yes |
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Water reactivity: |
Yes |
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Oxidizer: |
No |
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Organic Peroxide: |
No |
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Compressed Gas: |
No |
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Irritant: |
Yes |
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Sensitizer: |
Yes |
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Carcinogen: |
No |
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Mutagen: |
No |
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Others (Specify): |
---- |
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| 7.0 |
SAFE USAGE DATA |
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| 7.1 |
Ventilation: General/Mechanical Local Exhaust |
Provide adequate ventilation. As far as possible handle in enclosed area. |
| 7.2 |
Protective Equipment |
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| 7.2.1 |
Eyes |
As found suitable like goggles, masks. |
| 7.2.2 |
Respiratory |
Supply of fresh air through tube masks. |
| 7.2.3 |
Gloves |
Synthetic rubber gloves. |
| 7.2.4 |
Clothing |
Lightweight impervious overalls like cotton apron. |
| 7.2.5 |
Others |
Use adequate headgear. |
| 7.3 |
Precautions |
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| 7.3.1 |
Handling & Storage |
| Storage to be done in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place. Keep under lock & key, away from children and pets. |
| Do not allow contact with water, acids, other oxidizing agents or any other liquids. |
| Keep away from heat, flame & other flammable chemicals. |
| Wash hands thoroughly with soap after handling. |
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| 7.3.2 |
Others |
| Do not open containers with sharp tools. |
| Use proper protective equipment while handling. |
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| 8.0 |
EMERGENCY RESPONSE DATA |
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| 8.1 |
Fire extinguishing media |
In case of fire, suffocate flames with sand, use CO2 extinguishers or use dry chemical extinguishers. DO NOT USE WATER. |
| 8.2 |
Special Procedures |
Engulf fire with sand or dry powder extinguisher. |
| 8.3 |
Unusual Hazards |
Reacts with moisture in air to release toxic phosphine gas. |
| 8.4 |
Exposure (Inhalation, skin, eye contact, ingestion) |
| Inhalation: Remove from contaminated area into fresh air. Give oxygen if conscious, CPR if patient has suffered cardiac arrest. |
| Skin: Remove contamination clothing and wash affected area thoroughly with water. |
| Eye: Wash eyes thoroughly in eye wash fountain. |
| Ingestion: Induce vomiting if conscious, with 1:5000 potassium permanganate. Give 50 gms of activate carbon in water. |
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| 8.5 |
Spills |
| Do not wash the material in sewer. Use adequate masks & gloves. |
| The material can be collected and left in open air, (far from inhabitation) keeping it moist until it has hydrolysed fully - this process is called `Dry Deactivation'. |
| `Wet Deactivation': Deactivating solution is prepared in a drum or a suitable container and the material collected is added slowly. The deactivation solution can be 2 % or 4 cups of low sudsing detergent in 30 gallons of water. |
| Partly spent material can also be deactivated in this process. Utmost care to be taken while adding the material. This process should be undertaken in open air, adhering to all the precautionary measures. |
| The deactivated material, dust-water can be disposed off at an approved site. |
| The area of spillage should be thoroughly washed with huge quantity of water and should be aerated. Entry into the area should be allowed only after checking the gas concentration. |
| Phosphine gas, if liberated can be slowly let off in the open air. If huge quantities are let off, then it should be ignited by a suitable burner. |
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| 8.5.1 | Steps to be taken |
Refer 8.5 given above | | 8.5.2 |
Waste disposal method |
Refer 8.5 given above. The used containers should not be kept for re-use. Packaging material should be destroyed by burying underground or incinerated, at approved sites. |
| 9.0 |
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION |
The use of zinc phosphide as a Rodenticide in public health was reviewed by WHO in 1972. It was concluded that it was a generally effective compound and, while highly toxic to domestic fowl, its safety record was good. The use of zinc phosphide was endorsed (WHO 1973) |
| 10.0 |
SOURCES USED |
| 1) Phosphine & Metal Phosphides - WHO Environmental Criteria 73. |
| 2) Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. |
| 3) New Jersey Department of Health & senior services - Hazardous substances fact sheet. |
| 4) Publication by Agriculture State Department, Michigan. |
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